Vitamin E is often celebrated as a powerful nutrient for skin health, claimed to moisturize, smooth, and enhance radiance. It is commonly included in skincare products and taken as a supplement. But is there real benefit to using vitamin E for skin health, or is it simply a marketing tactic?

Dermatologist Amy Kassouf, MD, explains the role of vitamin E in skincare and provides insights into its effectiveness in treating conditions such as dryness, wrinkles, and sun damage.

Understanding Vitamin E and Its Effects on the Skin

Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin and acts as an antioxidant, protecting cells from damage throughout the body. It is naturally present in our sebum (skin oil), which forms a barrier to retain moisture in the skin. Consequently, areas with more sebum, such as the face, contain higher levels of vitamin E. Oily-skinned individuals, who naturally have more sebum, also have more vitamin E on their skin.

However, as we age, both sebum production and vitamin E levels naturally decline. Additionally, ultraviolet light (UV) sources like sunlight, tanning beds, and certain types of light bulbs can deplete vitamin E.

Benefits of Vitamin E for the Skin

Ongoing research explores the benefits of vitamin E for the skin. Dr. Kassouf explains, "It probably makes moisturizers work better, but it’s unclear in most studies if it has a direct medicinal role. Its effects are fairly subtle. It doesn’t treat any particular skin condition other than helping a bit with general skin aging and lack of moisture."

In moisturizers, vitamin E:

• Prevents moisture loss from the skin.
• Protects cells from damage.
• Softens the skin.

While the evidence is not definitive, vitamin E may also have a role in reducing sun damage by absorbing UVB rays and reducing the skin's inflammatory response, which includes swelling, reddening, and thickening.

However, it is crucial to note that vitamin E should not replace sunscreen. Two types of UV light damage the skin: ultraviolet A (UVA) and ultraviolet B (UVB). While vitamin E can absorb some UVB light, it does not protect against UVA light, which can cause sunburns and skin cancer. Multiple studies have demonstrated that vitamin E does not prevent or treat skin cancers. Therefore, it is essential to continue using sunscreen daily to protect the skin.

Using Vitamin E for Skin Health

There are various ways to incorporate vitamin E into your skincare routine for skin protection:

1. Rub pure vitamin E oil on the skin: Individuals with dry, flaky skin are more likely to benefit from using vitamin E oil, as it enhances moisturization. However, those with oily, acne-prone skin typically do not require additional vitamin E since their sebum production already provides sufficient levels. Topical vitamin E oil penetrates the surface and protects the top and middle layers of the skin, effectively reducing dryness and itchiness.

2. Use products containing vitamin E: Incorporating moisturizers that contain vitamin E can have a synergistic effect, improving the integrity of skin cells and preventing irritation from other substances. Look for products that list vitamin E as tocopherol or tocotrienol on the label. Even better are products that combine both vitamin C and E, as these antioxidants work together more effectively.

3. Consume vitamin E: It is important to ensure an adequate intake of vitamin E in your diet, preferably through food sources. However, supplements are also an option. Studies suggest that internal antioxidants may help protect the skin from external threats like sun damage. Foods rich in vitamin E include sunflower seeds and oil, nuts, corn oil, spinach, broccoli, kiwi, and mango. Adults should aim for the recommended dietary allowance of 15 milligrams per day. Consult with a healthcare provider before starting any supplements to ensure proper dosage and avoid excess vitamin E, which can be stored in fat and reach toxic levels.

While vitamin E cannot make wrinkles disappear or prevent sunburn on its own, using products containing vitamin E can benefit dry skin. When consumed in appropriate amounts, vitamin E may also help the skin withstand environmental stressors from within the body.

In summary, vitamin E plays a role in skin health by moisturizing the skin, protecting cells, and assisting in general skin aging and lack of moisture. While more research is needed to fully understand its effects, incorporating vitamin E into your skincare routine and maintaining a balanced diet can contribute to overall skin well-being.