Hyperpigmentation refers to the darkening of an area of the skin caused by increased melanin production. Understanding its causes and types can help in its effective treatment and prevention.
Causes:
- Sun Exposure: The most common cause. UV rays stimulate melanin production.
- Hormonal Changes: Conditions like melasma are hormone-related.
- Inflammation: Acne, cuts, or burns can lead to post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.
- Medication: Some drugs can cause skin darkening as a side effect.
Types:
- Melasma: Brown patches, often on the face, due to hormonal changes.
- Sunspots: Small, darkened patches resulting sometimes from sun exposure.
- Post-inflammatory Hyperpigmentation: Dark spots following skin injury or inflammation.
Prevention:
- Gentle Skincare: Avoid harsh products that can irritate the skin.
- Healthy Diet: Foods rich in antioxidants can prevent skin damage.
